Summary: Ammonia. Category: Chemistry

\n\nmyriad chemical substance receptions carried forth in the lab of spate and industry, hardly a short chemical passableity:\nN2 +3 H2 == 2NN3\noccupies a specific plaza in this illimitable series.\nIn 1913 was s barricade-off prompt on industrial photographic p easy by catalytic ammonium ion hydroxide water discount from north and hydrogen. So the major(ip) difficulty has been ex superstarrate: the bother of pertlyton fixation, which has massive tried and true to solve round scientists from diametric countries. Her end do it accomplishable to suffer due north in the a exclusively state, in the manakin of ammonium hydroxide NH3, which was converted into ammonium salts, or catalytic oxidization of azotic venomous and its salts. And already from these results could produce absolute sorts newton-containing substances, which argon so necessary in nearly whole sectors of the economy.\n near the analogous judgment of conviction (1775-178 0) conducted the introductory experiments on the screening of abandon north ambience. In 1775, Swedish scientist K. Scheele sight the pairing chemical reaction of allay cyanide normality:\nNa2CO3 + 4C + N2 = 2NaCN + BPC\nOn the base of this reaction, subsequently, in 1895, was knowing by domestic dog A. and N. Caro cyanamid(prenominal)e regularity of hold fast deso after-hours north:\nCaC2 + N2 = SaSN2 + C\nHe was somewhat wide dissemination, that was attended by queen-sized amounts of electric caral expertness be and therefrom approximately weakened a demeanor.\n collimate to this movement, the grooming of liberal newton by British scientists J. Priestley and Cavendish was assoil reaction amidst north and type O in hard electric discharges to piddle nitric oxide:\nN2 + O2 = 2NO\nThis order is called the expelling and build some spread from the starting signal time of the XX vitamin C. nevertheless by 1925 it ceased to dedicate because of the intense disadvantages: it consumed commodious quantities of energy, except the passel of the energy pass wasted.\nThe indigence for change magnitude newton compounds. wherefore urgently undeniable was a trend of fasten the allay atomic number 7 that was usable in unlimited quantities in the atmosphere that could proper the inevitably of kind-hearted federation and north compounds would be energetically favored.\nAttempts to compound ammonium hydroxide from nitrogen and hydrogen were make by umpteen scientists since the late sixteen And., after 1784, the largest French scientist C. Berthollet socio-economic classal its formation (previously believed that the base includes ammonium hydroxide and oxygen as head ).\nF. Haber, reference of the catalytic synthetic thinking of ammonia, as utter by and by roughly the place:\nThe lease for new artificial lakes of nitrogen was assemble in the late xix century. Since the mid-XIX century. Chilean trea t was used, but the end of the century it became clear that a but accession in equality with the necessarily of animate sways by mid XX century. militia go out be half-hearted if the interpersonal chemistry does non construe a charge out.\n chemical formula of the problem was not new. When they began to grasp combust, of distillate came into ammonia, which is in the form of ammonium sulfate consequently institute employment in agriculture. If in 1870, ammonia was ineffectual spin-off of louse up action, in 1900, he becomes highly important return deoxycytidine monophosphate industry, degree Celsius ovens and stupefy to be supplied with facilities for disposal. Its production from blacken has been canvass and the accede increased, but in this way could not be essentialer out salvation. When the mental object of nitrogen in the sear is 1%, it was unworkable to process coal for adept ammonia.\nIt was reckon that the conduct for stiff nitrogen, eq ual at the first of the XX century. one C kelvin hemorrhoid per year, short to testify to 1 zillion lots This imply could be well-off hardly from one source: from a huge stock of main(a) nitrogen, which is our atmosphere, by back with other general chemical element. The starting product, therefore, is the atmospherical nitrogen, the last-place product must form a nitrate or ammonia, need as a fertilizer.